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'Verb' refers to the predicate verb. Predicate verbs change their form depending on the subject and the time expressed.
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Vocabulary list

ha
particle
  1. topic marker particle (pronounced わ in modern Japanese)
  2. indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated)
  3. adds emphasis
jutsugodoushi
noun
  1. predicate verb; predicator
jutsugo
noun
  1. predicate
no
particle
  1. indicates possessive (occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之)
  2. nominalizes verbs and adjectives
  3. substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases
  4. (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion (often ん)
  5. (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis
  6. (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
koto
noun
  1. thing; matter
  2. incident; occurrence; event; something serious; trouble; crisis
  3. circumstances; situation; state of affairs
  4. work; business; affair
  5. after an inflectable word, creates a noun phrase indicating something the speaker does not feel close to
noun, used as a suffix
  1. nominalizing suffix
  2. pretending to ...; playing make-believe ...
noun
  1. alias; also known as; otherwise known as; or (as AことB (A = alias, B = real name))
  2. necessity; need (as 〜ことはない)
  3. you should ...; I advise that you ...; it's important to ... (as 〜ことだ)
da

Polite Present Indicative Form

desu
copula
  1. be; is (plain copula)
auxiliary verb
  1. did; (have) done (た after certain verb forms; indicates past or completed action)
  2. please; do (indicates light imperative)
jutsugodoushi
noun
  1. predicate verb; predicator
jutsugo
noun
  1. predicate
ha
particle
  1. topic marker particle (pronounced わ in modern Japanese)
  2. indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated)
  3. adds emphasis
shugo
noun, no adjective
  1. subject
ya
particle
  1. such things as ...; and ... and (used for non-exhaustive lists related to a specific time and place)
  2. the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; as soon as (after the dictionary form of a verb)
copula
  1. be; is
interjection
  1. o; oh (punctuational exclamation in haiku, renga, etc.)
  2. huh; what (interjection expressing surprise)
  3. hi
  4. yes; what?
particle
  1. yes?; no?; is it?; isn't it? (indicates a question)
arawasu
godan verb, transitive verb
  1. to represent; to signify; to stand for (esp. 表す, 表わす)
  2. to reveal; to show; to display (esp. 現す, 現わす)
  3. to express (esp. 表す, 表わす)
  4. to make widely known (esp. 顕す)
toki
noun
  1. time; hour; moment (刻 signifies a time of day; 秋 signifies an important time)
noun, adverb
  1. occasion; case
noun
  1. chance; opportunity; season
  2. the times; the age; the day
  3. tense
niyotte
expression
  1. according to; by (means of); due to; because of
niyoru

te-form

niyotte
expression, godan verb
  1. by means of; due to; because of; according to
katachi
noun
  1. form; shape; figure
  2. visage
wo
particle
  1. indicates direct object of action
  2. indicates subject of causative expression
  3. indicates an area traversed
  4. indicates time (period) over which action takes place
  5. indicates point of departure or separation of action
  6. indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
kaeru

Polite Present Indicative Form

kaemasu
ichidan verb, transitive verb
  1. to change; to alter; to transform; to convert; to turn; to vary
  2. to reform; to revise; to amend

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