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Furigana Show|Add to ▼ Source Totoeba Project
Perception is based, to a very large extent, on conceptual models - which are always inadequate, often incomplete and sometimes profoundly wrong.
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Vocabulary list

chikaku
noun, suru verb
  1. perception; sensation; awareness
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ha
particle
  1. topic marker particle (pronounced わ in modern Japanese)
  2. indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated)
  3. adds emphasis
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daibubun
noun
  1. most part; greater part; majority
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dai
prefix, na adjective, noun
  1. large; big; great; huge; vast; major; important; serious; severe
prefix
  1. great; prominent; eminent; distinguished
suffix
  1. -sized; as big as; the size of
suffix, prefix
  1. university
noun
  1. large (e.g. serving size); large option
  2. long month (i.e. having 31 days)
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bubun
noun
  1. portion; section; part
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gainen
noun
  1. general idea; concept; notion
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no
particle
  1. indicates possessive (occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之)
  2. nominalizes verbs and adjectives
  3. substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases
  4. (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion (often ん)
  5. (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis
  6. (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
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moderu
noun
  1. model; dummy; mock-up
  2. model (profession); fashion model
  3. model (of a car, etc.); make; version
  4. model; example; template; standard
  5. model (in model theory); theory
  6. person a fictional character was modeled on; inspiration
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nimotoduite
expression
  1. based on; on the basis of
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ni
particle
  1. at (place, time); in; on; during
  2. to (direction, state); toward; into
  3. for (purpose)
  4. because of (reason); for; with
  5. by; from
  6. as (i.e. in the role of)
  7. per; in; for; a (e.g. "once a month")
  8. and; in addition to
  9. if; although
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motoduku

te-form

motoduite
godan verb, intransitive verb
  1. to be grounded on; to be based on; to be due to; to originate from
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Suffix after the te form of a verb
iru
ichidan verb, auxiliary verb
  1. to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing (after the -te form of a verb; indicates continuing action or state)
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no
particle
  1. indicates possessive (occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之)
  2. nominalizes verbs and adjectives
  3. substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases
  4. (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion (often ん)
  5. (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis
  6. (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
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dearu
copula, godan verb (irregular)
  1. be; is
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de
particle
  1. at; in (indicates location of action; にて is the formal literary form)
  2. at; when (indicates time of action)
  3. by; with (indicates means of action)
conjunction
  1. and then; so
auxiliary
  1. and; then (indicates continuing action; alternative form of 〜て used for some verb types)
particle
  1. let me tell you; don't you know (at sentence-end; indicates certainty, emphasis, etc.)
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aru
godan verb (irregular), intransitive verb
  1. to be; to exist; to live (usu. of inanimate objects)
  2. to have
  3. to be located
  4. to be equipped with
  5. to happen; to come about
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daga
conjunction
  1. but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
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sono
pre-noun adjectival
  1. that; the (something or someone distant from the speaker, close to the listener; actions of the listener, or ideas expressed or understood by the listener)
  2. part (as in "part two") (preceding a number)
interjection
  1. um ...; er ...; uh ...
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moderu
noun
  1. model; dummy; mock-up
  2. model (profession); fashion model
  3. model (of a car, etc.); make; version
  4. model; example; template; standard
  5. model (in model theory); theory
  6. person a fictional character was modeled on; inspiration
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ha
particle
  1. topic marker particle (pronounced わ in modern Japanese)
  2. indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated)
  3. adds emphasis
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tsuneni
adverb
  1. always; constantly
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fujuubun
na adjective, noun
  1. insufficient; inadequate; imperfect
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dearu

masu stem

deari
copula, godan verb (irregular)
  1. be; is
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de
particle
  1. at; in (indicates location of action; にて is the formal literary form)
  2. at; when (indicates time of action)
  3. by; with (indicates means of action)
conjunction
  1. and then; so
auxiliary
  1. and; then (indicates continuing action; alternative form of 〜て used for some verb types)
particle
  1. let me tell you; don't you know (at sentence-end; indicates certainty, emphasis, etc.)
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aru

masu stem

ari
godan verb (irregular), intransitive verb
  1. to be; to exist; to live (usu. of inanimate objects)
  2. to have
  3. to be located
  4. to be equipped with
  5. to happen; to come about
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ookunobaai
expression, noun
  1. in many cases
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ooku
noun, adverb, no adjective
  1. many; much; plenty; a lot
noun
  1. majority (of); greater part (of)
adverb
  1. mostly; mainly; chiefly; usually; often
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no
particle
  1. indicates possessive (occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之)
  2. nominalizes verbs and adjectives
  3. substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases
  4. (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion (often ん)
  5. (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis
  6. (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
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baai
adverb, noun
  1. case; situation
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fukanzen
na adjective, noun
  1. imperfect; incomplete; faulty; defective
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dearu

masu stem

deari
copula, godan verb (irregular)
  1. be; is
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de
particle
  1. at; in (indicates location of action; にて is the formal literary form)
  2. at; when (indicates time of action)
  3. by; with (indicates means of action)
conjunction
  1. and then; so
auxiliary
  1. and; then (indicates continuing action; alternative form of 〜て used for some verb types)
particle
  1. let me tell you; don't you know (at sentence-end; indicates certainty, emphasis, etc.)
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aru

masu stem

ari
godan verb (irregular), intransitive verb
  1. to be; to exist; to live (usu. of inanimate objects)
  2. to have
  3. to be located
  4. to be equipped with
  5. to happen; to come about
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tokiniha
expression, adverb
  1. at times; occasionally
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hidoi

Adverbial Form

hidoku
i adjective
  1. cruel; heartless; hard; harsh; severe
  2. violent; intense; strong; heavy; extreme
  3. very bad; terrible; awful
  4. excessive; exorbitant; unreasonable; outrageous; unfair; unjust
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machigau

te-form

machigatte
godan verb
  1. to make a mistake; to be incorrect; to be mistaken
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Suffix after the te form of a verb
iru
ichidan verb, auxiliary verb
  1. to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing (after the -te form of a verb; indicates continuing action or state)
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baai
adverb, noun
  1. case; situation
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mo
particle
  1. too; also; in addition; as well; (not) either (in a negative sentence)
  2. both A and B; A as well as B; neither A nor B (in a negative sentence) (as ＡもＢも)
  3. even; as much as; as many as; as far as; as long as; no less than; no fewer than (used for emphasis or to express absence of doubt regarding a quantity, etc.)
  4. even if; even though; although; in spite of (often as 〜ても, 〜でも, 〜とも, etc.)
adverb
  1. further; more; again; another; the other
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aru
godan verb (irregular), intransitive verb
  1. to be; to exist; to live (usu. of inanimate objects)
  2. to have
  3. to be located
  4. to be equipped with
  5. to happen; to come about
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