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Furigana Show|Add to ▼ Source Totoeba Project
I have one of my friends who graduated from university and became a fine public servant. Once he told me that what he had learned from school had been useless. However, what little philosophy he had learned proved to be of great benefit.
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Vocabulary list

watashi
pronoun
  1. I; me (slightly formal or feminine)
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no
particle
  1. indicates possessive (occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之)
  2. nominalizes verbs and adjectives
  3. substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases
  4. (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion (often ん)
  5. (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis
  6. (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
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yuujin
noun
  1. friend (more formal than 友達)
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ni
particle
  1. at (place, time); in; on; during
  2. to (direction, state); toward; into
  3. for (purpose)
  4. because of (reason); for; with
  5. by; from
  6. as (i.e. in the role of)
  7. per; in; for; a (e.g. "once a month")
  8. and; in addition to
  9. if; although
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daigaku
noun
  1. university; college
  2. former central university of Kyoto (established under the ritsuryo system for the training of government administrators)
  3. the Great Learning (one of the Four Books)
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wo
particle
  1. indicates direct object of action
  2. indicates subject of causative expression
  3. indicates an area traversed
  4. indicates time (period) over which action takes place
  5. indicates point of departure or separation of action
  6. indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
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sotsugyou
noun, suru verb
  1. graduation; completion (of a course)
  2. moving on (from); outgrowing (something); leaving (a group, company, etc.); quitting
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suru

te-form

shite
suru verb (irregular)
  1. to do; to carry out; to perform
  2. to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
  3. to serve as; to act as; to work as
  4. to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
  5. to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as (as 〜にする,〜とする)
  6. to decide on; to choose (as 〜にする)
suru verb (irregular), intransitive verb
  1. to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.) (as 〜がする)
  2. to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
  3. to be worth; to cost
  4. to pass (of time); to elapse
suru verb (irregular), transitive verb
  1. to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B (as AをBにする)
  2. to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B (as AをBにする)
  3. to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B (as AをBにする)
  4. to feel A about B (as AをBにする)
suffix, suru verb (irregular)
  1. verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
auxiliary verb, suru verb (irregular)
  1. creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
  2. to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to (as 〜うとする,〜ようとする)
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rippa
na adjective
  1. splendid; fine; handsome; elegant; imposing; prominent
  2. praiseworthy; creditable; worthy
  3. legal; legitimate; lawful
  4. undeniable (e.g. crime); indisputable; solid
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na
particle
  1. don't (prohibitive; used with dictionary form verb)
  2. do (imperative (from なさい); used with -masu stem of verb)
interjection
  1. hey; listen; you
particle
  1. now, ...; well, ...; I tell you!; you know (when seeking confirmation, for emphasis, etc.; used at sentence end)
  2. wow; ooh (used to express admiration, emotionality, etc.; used at sentence end)
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kanri
noun
  1. government official; clerk
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tonaru

te-form

tonatte
expression, godan verb
  1. to become; to amount to
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to
particle, conjunction
  1. if; when
  2. and
particle
  1. with
  2. used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
noun
  1. promoted pawn
particle
  1. indicates a question (at sentence end)
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naru

te-form

natte
godan verb, intransitive verb
  1. to become; to get; to grow; to be; to reach; to attain
  2. to result in; to prove to be
  3. to consist of; to be composed of
  4. to succeed; to be complete
  5. to change into; to be exchanged for
  6. to play a role
  7. to be promoted
godan verb
  1. to do ... (as お+masu-stem+になる, ご+noun+になる, etc.)
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Suffix after the te form of a verb
oru
godan verb, auxiliary verb
  1. to be ..ing (after the -te form of a verb; indicates continuing action or state)
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mono
noun
  1. person (rarely used without a qualifier)
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ga
particle
  1. indicates sentence subject (occasionally object)
  2. indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions)
conjunction
  1. but; however; still; and
  2. regardless of; whether (or not) (after the volitional form of a verb)
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aru
godan verb (irregular), intransitive verb
  1. to be; to exist; to live (usu. of inanimate objects)
  2. to have
  3. to be located
  4. to be equipped with
  5. to happen; to come about
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arutoki
expression
  1. once (e.g. "once, when I was studying .."); on one occasion; at one point
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aru
pre-noun adjectival
  1. a certain ...; some ...
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toki
noun
  1. time; hour; moment (刻 signifies a time of day; 秋 signifies an important time)
noun, adverb
  1. occasion; case
noun
  1. chance; opportunity; season
  2. the times; the age; the day
  3. tense
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konohito
expression, pronoun
  1. this person
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kono
pre-noun adjectival
  1. this (something or someone close to the speaker (including the speaker), or ideas expressed by the speaker)
  2. last (couple of years, etc.); these; past; this (in ref. to a stretch of time or date)
  3. you (as in "you liar") (emphatic, accusatory, insulting)
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hito
noun
  1. man; person
  2. human being; mankind; people
  3. human (Homo sapiens); humans as a species
  4. character; personality
  5. man of talent; true man
  6. another person; other people; others
  7. adult
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ga
particle
  1. indicates sentence subject (occasionally object)
  2. indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions)
conjunction
  1. but; however; still; and
  2. regardless of; whether (or not) (after the volitional form of a verb)
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watashi
pronoun
  1. I; me (slightly formal or feminine)
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ni
particle
  1. at (place, time); in; on; during
  2. to (direction, state); toward; into
  3. for (purpose)
  4. because of (reason); for; with
  5. by; from
  6. as (i.e. in the role of)
  7. per; in; for; a (e.g. "once a month")
  8. and; in addition to
  9. if; although
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notamau
godan verb, transitive verb
  1. to say; to be pleased to say (originally respectful language; nowadays oft. used sarcastically)
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ni
particle
  1. at (place, time); in; on; during
  2. to (direction, state); toward; into
  3. for (purpose)
  4. because of (reason); for; with
  5. by; from
  6. as (i.e. in the role of)
  7. per; in; for; a (e.g. "once a month")
  8. and; in addition to
  9. if; although
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boku
pronoun
  1. I; me
  2. you (when addressing young boys)
  3. manservant
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ha
particle
  1. topic marker particle (pronounced わ in modern Japanese)
  2. indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated)
  3. adds emphasis
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gakkou
noun
  1. school
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ni
particle
  1. at (place, time); in; on; during
  2. to (direction, state); toward; into
  3. for (purpose)
  4. because of (reason); for; with
  5. by; from
  6. as (i.e. in the role of)
  7. per; in; for; a (e.g. "once a month")
  8. and; in addition to
  9. if; although
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oite
conjunction
  1. at; in; on
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te
particle
  1. you said; he said; she said; they said (casual quoting particle)
  2. if ... then (as たって; indicates supposition)
  3. do you seriously think that (as かって; indicates a satirical or rhetorical question)
  4. I already told you; you should know by now that; of course (indicates certainty, insistence, emphasis, etc.)
  5. the said ...; said ... (abbr. of という)
  6. says that ... (abbr. of と言っている)
  7. I hear that ... (abbr. of と聞いている)
  8. as for the term ... (abbr. of とは, というのは)
  9. as for ... (equiv. of は topic marker)
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koto
noun
  1. thing; matter
  2. incident; occurrence; event; something serious; trouble; crisis
  3. circumstances; situation; state of affairs
  4. work; business; affair
  5. after an inflectable word, creates a noun phrase indicating something the speaker does not feel close to
noun, used as a suffix
  1. nominalizing suffix
  2. pretending to ...; playing make-believe ...
noun
  1. alias; also known as; otherwise known as; or (as AことB (A = alias, B = real name))
  2. necessity; need (as 〜ことはない)
  3. you should ...; I advise that you ...; it's important to ... (as 〜ことだ)
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ha
particle
  1. topic marker particle (pronounced わ in modern Japanese)
  2. indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated)
  3. adds emphasis
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nanimo
expression
  1. (not) anything; (nothing) at all; (not) any; nothing (with neg. verb)
  2. and everything else; and all (as ...も何も)
  3. (not) at all; (not) in the least; (not) especially; (not) to that extent (as ...なくてもいい, ...ことはない, etc.)
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nani
pronoun
  1. what
  2. you-know-what; that thing
  3. whatsit; whachamacallit; what's-his-name; what's-her-name
adverb
  1. (not) at all; (not) in the slightest (with neg. sentence)
interjection
  1. what?; huh? (indicates surprise)
  2. hey! (indicates anger or irritability)
  3. oh, no (it's fine); why (it's nothing); oh (certainly not) (used to dismiss someone's worries, concerns, etc.)
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mo
particle
  1. too; also; in addition; as well; (not) either (in a negative sentence)
  2. both A and B; A as well as B; neither A nor B (in a negative sentence) (as ＡもＢも)
  3. even; as much as; as many as; as far as; as long as; no less than; no fewer than (used for emphasis or to express absence of doubt regarding a quantity, etc.)
  4. even if; even though; although; in spite of (often as 〜ても, 〜でも, 〜とも, etc.)
adverb
  1. further; more; again; another; the other
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yakunitatsu

Plain Past Indicative Negative Form

yakunitatanakatta
expression, godan verb
  1. to be helpful; to be useful
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shikashi
conjunction
  1. however; but
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sukoshi
adverb, noun
  1. small quantity; little; few; something
  2. little while
  3. short distance
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bakari
particle
  1. only; merely; nothing but; no more than
  2. approximately; about
  3. just (finished, etc.) (after the -ta form of a verb)
  4. as if to; (as though) about to (after an attributive form or auxiliary verb ぬ(ん), also often …とばかり(に))
  5. indicates emphasis (often …とばかり(に))
  6. always; constantly
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manabu

Plain Past Indicative Form

mananda
godan verb
  1. to study (in depth); to learn; to take lessons in
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tetsugaku
noun
  1. philosophy
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ga
particle
  1. indicates sentence subject (occasionally object)
  2. indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions)
conjunction
  1. but; however; still; and
  2. regardless of; whether (or not) (after the volitional form of a verb)
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boku
pronoun
  1. I; me
  2. you (when addressing young boys)
  3. manservant
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ni
particle
  1. at (place, time); in; on; during
  2. to (direction, state); toward; into
  3. for (purpose)
  4. because of (reason); for; with
  5. by; from
  6. as (i.e. in the role of)
  7. per; in; for; a (e.g. "once a month")
  8. and; in addition to
  9. if; although
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hijou
noun, na adjective, no adjective
  1. emergency
na adjective, no adjective
  1. extraordinary; unusual
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na
particle
  1. don't (prohibitive; used with dictionary form verb)
  2. do (imperative (from なさい); used with -masu stem of verb)
interjection
  1. hey; listen; you
particle
  1. now, ...; well, ...; I tell you!; you know (when seeking confirmation, for emphasis, etc.; used at sentence end)
  2. wow; ooh (used to express admiration, emotionality, etc.; used at sentence end)
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rieki
noun, suru verb
  1. profit; gains
  2. benefit; advantage; interest (of the public, etc.)
  3. grace (of God, Buddha, etc.) (esp. as attained through rightful actions, prayer, adherence to one's faith, etc.); blessing; miracle
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wo
particle
  1. indicates direct object of action
  2. indicates subject of causative expression
  3. indicates an area traversed
  4. indicates time (period) over which action takes place
  5. indicates point of departure or separation of action
  6. indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
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ataeru

Plain Past Indicative Form

ataeta
ichidan verb, transitive verb
  1. to give (esp. to someone of lower status); to bestow; to grant; to confer; to present; to award
  2. to provide; to afford; to offer; to supply
  3. to assign
  4. to cause
  5. to pass (a variable to a function)
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to
particle, conjunction
  1. if; when
  2. and
particle
  1. with
  2. used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
noun
  1. promoted pawn
particle
  1. indicates a question (at sentence end)
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